Target 11.2 of SDG 2030 states that “By 2030, improve transport safety through, among other things, the expansion of public transport, with particular attention to the needs of vulnerable groups, women, children, persons with disabilities, and older persons, to provide all people with safe, affordable, easily accessible and sustainable transport Provide access to systems.” and in the context of developing countries, low-income groups are also included as vulnerable groups. In cities in developing countries, poor people tend to concentrate their residences on the periphery, away from the city center, and one of the objectives of public transport investments is to reduce spatial and social inequalities by improving the accessibility of vulnerable groups.
This development cooperation literature review reviews previous studies (quantitative empirical studies) on transportation and equity in cities in developing countries. The previous studies analyzed transportation and equity in cities in developing countries, with a focus on cities in Latin America, using indicators such as potential accessibility, and found that vulnerable groups such as low-income groups are generally disadvantaged. While this depends on the context of each city, possible reasons for this include the fact that new public transportation fare structures may increase the cost of transportation for low-income groups. In order to plan and implement more inclusive transportation projects in the future, it is necessary to consider a framework for planning and evaluating transportation projects that takes equality into account. It is hoped that further research will be accumulated with a view to practical application, and that inclusive transportation projects will be further promoted.
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